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Compare Christmas Island (2007) - Niue (2001)

Compare Christmas Island (2007) z Niue (2001)

 Christmas Island (2007)Niue (2001)
 Christmas IslandNiue
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages each with its own village council whose members are elected and serve three-year terms
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA		 0-14 years:
NA%

15-64 years:
NA%

65 years and over:
NA%
Agriculture - products NA coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle
Airports 1 (2007) 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)		 total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total: 135 sq km


land: 135 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total:
260 sq km

land:
260 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement began by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to 2,100 in 2000) with substantial emigration to New Zealand.
Birth rate NA NA births/1,000 population
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA		 revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital name: The Settlement


geographic coordinates: 10 25 S, 105 43 E


time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)		 Alofi
Climate tropical with a wet season (December to April) and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds tropical; modified by southeast trade winds
Coastline 138.9 km 64 km
Constitution Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island


conventional short form: Christmas Island		 conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Niue

former:
Savage Island
Currency - New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Death rate NA NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $NA $8.3 million (1995)
Economy - overview Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993, but closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, expected to begin operations in the near future. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry.
Electricity - consumption - 2.8 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 3 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Murray Hill 361 m		 lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m
Environment - current issues loss of rainforest; impact of phosphate mining increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%


note: no indigenous population (2001)		 Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans)
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002) New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.2502 (January 2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8629 (1998), 1.5082 (1997), 1.4543 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia		 chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)

head of government:
Premier Sani LAKATANI (since 1 April 1999)

cabinet:
Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers

elections:
the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 19 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2002)

election results:
Sani LAKATANI elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA%
Exports $NA $117,500 (f.o.b., 1989)
Exports - commodities phosphate canned coconut cream, copra, honey, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts
Exports - partners Australia, NZ (2006) NZ 89%, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June 1 April - 31 March
Flag description territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island; the flag of Australia is used for official purposes yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross
GDP - purchasing power parity - $4.5 million (1997 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $2,800 (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 10 30 S, 105 40 E 19 02 S, 169 52 W
Geography - note located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean one of world's largest coral islands
Highways - total:
234 km

paved:
86 km

unpaved:
148 km (106 km of which is access and plantation road) (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports $NA $4.1 million (c.i.f., 1989)
Imports - commodities consumer goods food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs
Imports - partners principally Australia (2006) NZ 59%, Fiji 20%, Japan 13%, Samoa, Australia, US
Independence none (territory of Australia) on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) tourism, handicrafts, food processing
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA		 NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 1% (1995)
International organization participation none ACP, ESCAP (associate), FAO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land NA NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue
Labor force NA 450 (1992 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park) (2005)		 arable land:
19%

permanent crops:
8%

permanent pastures:
4%

forests and woodland:
19%

other:
50% (1993 est.)
Languages English (official), Chinese, Malay Polynesian closely related to Tongan and Samoan, English
Legal system under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law English common law
Legislative branch unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 20 October 2007 (next to be held in 2009)


election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9		 unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)

elections:
last held 19 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA		 total population:
NA years

male:
NA years

female:
NA years
Literacy NA definition:
NA

total population:
95%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm		 exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches - Police Force
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality noun: Christmas Islander(s)


adjective: Christmas Island		 noun:
Niuean(s)

adjective:
Niuean
Natural hazards the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard typhoons
Natural resources phosphate, beaches fish, arable land
Net migration rate NA NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders none Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Sani LAKATANI]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 1,402 (July 2006 est.) (July 2007 est.) 2,124 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate 0% (2007 est.) 0.5% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2006) AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 1,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist)
Sex ratio NA -
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: service provided by the Australian network


domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005


international: country code - 61-8; satellite earth stations - 1 INTELSAT earth station provides telephone and telex service (2005)		 general assessment:
primitive system

domestic:
single-line telephone system connects all villages on island

international:
NA
Telephones - main lines in use NA 376 (1991)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 0 (1991)
Television broadcast stations 0 (TV broadcasts received via satellite from mainland Australia) (2006) 1 (1997)
Terrain steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau
Total fertility rate NA NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate - NA%
Waterways - none
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